PHOENIX – Ken Duncan Sr. sits at the corner of a basketball court, weaving red and yellow tape around a large hoop. While the 59-year old San Carlos Apache member works, he watches his children and grandchildren practice intricate patterns and fast footwork. The family has spent months preparing for their biggest hoop dancing competition of the year.
As the World Championship of Hoop Dancing approaches– held each year in Phoenix at the Heard Museum – the family practices nearly every other day behind their church, located on the Salt River Reservation.
“Tonight is my turn, tomorrow will be hers,” Duncan said, referring to his wife Doreen, 59. She is of North Dakota Arikara, Hidatsa and Mandan Indian heritage. The couple makes sure to be at every practice, supporting their family of dancers.
They call themselves the Yellow Bird Indian Dancers. More than a dozen members of the Duncan family, spanning three generations, participate in the family’s passion for hoop dancing. From Olympic stages to dirt circles, televised internationally and sometimes performing for an audience of just a handful, they have been spreading awareness of Native American culture and art for more than 25 years.
Many tribes across North America first used the dance in healing ceremonies. But it wasn’t until the mid 1900’s when hoop dancing became a popular Native American form of entertainment.
During that time, Tony White, a Jemez Pueblo dancer, began using multiple hoops in his performances, thus sparking a wave of interest in the traditional dance. Throughout the process, performers can use up to forty hoops to create intricate designs that symbolize patterns in nature.
A family affair over three generations
Ken Duncan Sr. first started teaching his children the art of hoop dancing over 25 years ago. As the family expanded, so has their dancing and showing their native culture through entertainment is now the family business.
The Duncan’s have traveled the world performing and educating others about traditional Native American values.
Talon Duncan, 19, is the youngest of Doreen and Ken’s seven children and started dancing when he was six years old.
“It’s like a sport to me,” Talon said. “I really like sharing my culture, sharing what I can do, and sharing what kind of stories I can tell with my hoops.”
In one routine, Talon used those hoops to transform into an eagle, butterfly and flower.
For Talon, seeing his young nieces and nephews now develop a love for their culture through hoop dancing gives him hope.
“We teach them how to do the hoop dance from a really young age, and after that they begin to learn their own designs,” he said. “I think it’s really good that they are keeping their culture.”
Talon’s sister, Christy Duncan Lopez, 36, does not hoop dance, but she does perform other traditional dances.
Lopez said entertaining alongside family keeps her grounded.
“To find families with the tradition is something that I think we take for granted because it’s every day that we have time with each other,” she added.
Even the colorful regalia used in their shows are made at home as another brother, Kevin, hand-sews each outfit before the competition.
The competition
The rhythmic sound of little bells strapped onto sheepskin accompanies traditional drum beats as dancers take the stage – a red dirt dancing circle – at Phoenix’s Heard Museum’s outdoor amphitheater, weaving in and out of multicolored hoops.
Ten members of the Duncan family competed in the 28th Annual World Championships of Hoop Dancing, which took place in February. Each year, the competition brings together Native tribes from across North America, with each of them getting the chance to show off what makes them unique from one another.
Each routine looks different as dancers from other backgrounds and ages add their own flavor to the dances.
Tizoc Lopez, 7, Christy’s son, said he likes to add some comedy to his routine.
He blew kisses and waves to the crowd, seemingly fearless in the face of his first competition.
“I’m a funny guy,” he explained later. “I try to make people laugh.”
Tony Duncan, 34, is a five-time world champion and has been dancing in the competition since he was 9. Tony’s 2-year-old daughter, Mia, was not shy about showing her moves during a free dance competition for toddlers. This was her first year as a dancer.
Four Duncans advanced to the final round: Tony, Kevin, Talon, and Christy’s 11-year-old son, R.J. Lopez.
In it, R.J. tied with the reigning champion of last year’s children’s division, prompting a nerve-wracking dance-off for first place.
“It’s a scary time for me as a grandpa,” Ken Duncan Sr. said while waiting to take the stage with his grandson.
“R.J. has asked me to sing the final song for all the placement of the dancers,” he said.
That song is one that Ken created for his whole family – one that he says is special and embodies their rich relationships.
“It’s our family song,” he said. “In Apache, the words say, ‘how beautiful they dance through the hoops.’”
At the end of the two-day competition, Talon and Tony placed in the top six for adult finishers and R.J. took home second place in the children’s category.
The circle
From the stories each routine tells, told also by the outfits and the use of the hoops, every aspect of traditional hoop dancing is marked by symbolism.
“The indigenous people, they live by the circle,” Ken Duncan Sr. said while taping-up his son’s hoops. “They make different designs of flowers blooming, of birds flying, they make clouds. All off these are life forms that are a part of the circle of life.”
With its years of history and the ever-expanding hoop dancing events today, the family said they continue to look forward to many more decades, if not centuries, of Yellow Bird dancers.
“We will always continue to grow. Long after I am a smile on my grandchildren’s faces, they will still be singing my songs and it’s never going to end,” Ken said.
“Just as the circle has no beginning and no ending, the things that we do will continue on and on.”