In her 2016 convocation speech, Brown University President Christina Paxson explained that a reporter had recently asked school officials if Brown had established any “safe spaces” on campus. “What on earth are they referring to?” Paxson said. “Idea-free zones staffed by thought police, where disagreement is prohibited?” While “safe spaces” have become the stuff of Saturday Night Live skits, the truth is, this kind of challenge to campus free speech is now widespread. Surveys show that student support for restrictive speech codes and campus bans on controversial speakers is at historic heights.
The Goldwater Institute, in collaboration with Stanley Kurtz of the Ethics and Public Policy Center, released model state-level legislation designed to protect freedom of speech at public universities, along with a white paper explaining the model legislation’s provisions
“To my knowledge, this is the most comprehensive legislative proposal ever offered to protect and preserve campus free speech. It promises to kick off a national debate on how best to address the ever-growing threats to freedom of thought and expression at our colleges and universities,” said Stanley Kurtz, senior fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Center.
The report, Campus Free Speech: A Legislative Proposal, details the history of free speech on campus and reviews some of the most thoughtful reports that have been published on the topic. The authors used this historical context to develop model legislation for state lawmakers that is designed to ensure free expression at America’s public university systems. The key provisions in this model legislation are inspired by three classic defenses of campus free speech: Yale’s 1974 Woodward Report, The University of Chicago’s 1967 Kalven Report, and the University of Chicago’s 2015 Stone Report.
“The Campus Free Speech Act gives the First Amendment bite,” said Jim Manley, Senior Attorney at the Goldwater Institute and a co-author of the Act and report. “Where this bill becomes law, there will be real consequences for anyone—including protestors, administrators, or professors—who tries to prevent others from expressing their opinions. The legislation also provides robust due process protections for anyone accused of trying to silence speech.”
The model legislation does the following:
- Creates an official university policy that strongly affirms the importance of free expression, nullifying any existing restrictive speech codes in the process.
- Prevents administrators from disinviting speakers, no matter how controversial, whom members of the campus community wish to hear from.
- Establishes a system of disciplinary sanctions for students and anyone else who interferes with the free-speech rights of others.
- Allows persons whose free-speech rights have been improperly infringed by the university to recover court costs and attorney’s fees.
- Reaffirms the principle that universities, at the official institutional level, ought to remain neutral on issues of public controversy to encourage the widest possible range of opinion and dialogue within the university itself.
- Ensures that students will be informed of the official policy on free expression.
- Authorizes a special subcommittee of the university board of trustees to issue a yearly report to the public, the trustees, the governor, and the legislature on the administrative handling of free-speech issues.
“The Goldwater Institute helped design legislation signed last year that makes entire college campuses in Arizona free speech zones,” said Jonathan Butcher, education policy director at the Goldwater Institute and co-author of the report. “This model law takes that concept one step further by protecting all forms of free expression on college campuses around the country.”